Political geography investigates all aspects of boundaries, country, state, and national development, international organizations, diplomacy, internal country subdivisions, voting, and more. Practitioners of military geography are most often found in the military but the branch looks not only at the geographic distribution of military facilities and troops but also utilizes geographic tools to develop military solutions. As tourism is one of the world's largest industries, it involves a great number of people making very temporary migrations and is thus of great interest to geographers. The study of leisure-time activities and their impact on local environments. Recreation, Tourism, and Sport Geography.Medical geographers study the geographic distribution of disease (including epidemics and pandemics), illness, death and health care. This branch of geography studies the geographic distribution of religious groups, their cultures, and built environments. Population geographers are concerned with the distribution, migration, and growth of population in geographic areas. Population geography is often equated with demography but population geography is more than just patterns of birth, death, and marriage. Thus, critical communication scholars of space and place also analyze and critique the rhetoric of mapping, analyzing both the ways in which maps are used to uphold operations of domination as well as those “countermapping” efforts that employ and subvert the history of cartography towards more emancipatory ends.Economic geographers examine the distribution of production and distribution of goods, the distribution of wealth, and the spatial structure of economic conditions. At the same time, mapping remains a technology of colonialism, a way of seeing space that stabilizes its movements and continues to enable colonial domination. If a society’s spatial logic (who and what resides where and with what consequences) provides insight into power and subjugation, then mapping offers a potentially useful critical methodological practice. Scholars of space and place, moreover, remain committed to mapping both as method and object of analysis. In order to understand and critique the relationship between communication, space, and place, scholars employ a number of concepts, many of which they share with neighboring fields, including mobility, globalization, affect, imagined geographies, place-making, critical regionalism, heterotopia, omnitopia, and memory places. Moreover, as sites of public identification, certain spaces and places (a national park landscape or urban park) are imbued with epideictic significance. Emergent from multiple intellectual traditions-including humanistic geography, the spatial turn in the critical humanities, and postcolonial theory-spatial studies understand space and place as the product of social relations and maintain a critical, de-essentializing politics: Spaces are always being made and remade with consequences for marginalized populations. The logic of power becomes manifest in the spatial organization of a society, and subsequently influences social practice. How a body thinks, its exposure to pollutants, or access to societal resources: these all depend, in part, upon where that body moves in relation to the other bodies that share their historical moment. Critical communication studies of space and place consider the ways power becomes located within a wider topography of social relations.
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